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In Brief: Furoscix - A Subcutaneous Furosemide Infusor for Heart Failure

The Medical Letter on Drugs and Therapeutics • January 23, 2023; (Issue 1668)

The FDA has approved Furoscix (scPharmaceuticals), a subcutaneous formulation of the loop diuretic furosemide administered via a single-use, on-body infusor, for treatment of congestion due to...

The FDA has approved Furoscix (scPharmaceuticals), a subcutaneous formulation of the loop diuretic furosemide administered via a single-use, on-body infusor, for treatment of congestion due to fluid overload in adults with New York Heart Association (NYHA) Class II-III chronic heart failure (HF). Furosemide (Lasix, and generics) has been available for years in oral and IV formulations.

Med Lett Drugs Ther. 2023 Jan 23;65(1668):14-5 | Show Full Introduction Hide Full Introduction

Drugs for Chronic Heart Failure

The Medical Letter on Drugs and Therapeutics • June 14, 2021; (Issue 1626)

Among patients with chronic heart failure, those with a left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) ≤40% are considered to have heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). Patients with a LVEF ≥50% are considered to have heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). Those with a LVEF of 41-49% are an intermediate group more similar to patients with HFpEF.

Med Lett Drugs Ther. 2021 Jun 14;63(1626):89-96 | Show Full Introduction Hide Full Introduction

Comparison Table: Some Drugs for HFrEF (online only)

The Medical Letter on Drugs and Therapeutics • March 8, 2021; (Issue 1619)

...

View the Comparison Table: Some Drugs for HFrEF

Med Lett Drugs Ther. 2021 Mar 8;63(1619):e1-14 | Show Full Introduction Hide Full Introduction

Drugs for Hypertension

The Medical Letter on Drugs and Therapeutics • May 18, 2020; (Issue 1598)

Drugs available for treatment of chronic hypertension and their dosages, adverse effects, and costs are listed in the tables. Treatment of hypertensive urgencies and emergencies is not discussed...

Drugs available for treatment of chronic hypertension and their dosages, adverse effects, and costs are listed in the tables. Treatment of hypertensive urgencies and emergencies is not discussed here.

Med Lett Drugs Ther. 2020 May 18;62(1598):73-80 | Show Full Introduction Hide Full Introduction

Drugs for Chronic Heart Failure

The Medical Letter on Drugs and Therapeutics • April 8, 2019; (Issue 1569)

Patients with a left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) ≤40% are considered to have heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). Patients with a LVEF ≤50% and symptoms of heart failure are considered to have heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). There is little evidence that drug treatment improves clinical outcomes in patients with HFpEF.

Med Lett Drugs Ther. 2019 Apr 8;61(1569):49-54 | Show Full Introduction Hide Full Introduction

Expanded Table: Some Drugs for HFrEF (online only)

The Medical Letter on Drugs and Therapeutics • April 8, 2019; (Issue 1569)

...

View the Expanded Table: Some Drugs for HFrEF

Med Lett Drugs Ther. 2019 Apr 8;61(1569):e57-62 | Show Full Introduction Hide Full Introduction

Drugs for Hypertension

The Medical Letter on Drugs and Therapeutics • March 13, 2017; (Issue 1516)

in the US and their dosages, adverse effects, and costs are listed in the tables. Treatment of hypertensive urgencies and emergencies is not discussed...

in the US and their dosages, adverse effects, and costs are listed in the tables. Treatment of hypertensive urgencies and emergencies is not discussed here.

Med Lett Drugs Ther. 2017 Mar 13;59(1516):41-8 | Show Full Introduction Hide Full Introduction

Sacubitril/Valsartan (Entresto) for Heart Failure

The Medical Letter on Drugs and Therapeutics • August 3, 2015; (Issue 1474)

The FDA has approved Entresto (Novartis), an oral fixed-dose combination of the neprilysin inhibitor sacubitril and the angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB) valsartan, to reduce the risk of cardiovascular...

The FDA has approved Entresto (Novartis), an oral fixed-dose combination of the neprilysin inhibitor sacubitril and the angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB) valsartan, to reduce the risk of cardiovascular death and heart failure hospitalization in patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction. Sacubitril is the first neprilysin inhibitor to become available in the US.

Med Lett Drugs Ther. 2015 Aug 3;57(1474):107-9 | Show Full Introduction Hide Full Introduction

Drugs for Chronic Heart Failure

The Medical Letter on Drugs and Therapeutics • January 19, 2015; (Issue 1460)

Heart failure is usually associated with left ventricular dysfunction. According to recent guidelines, patients with a left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) ≤40% are considered to have heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) or systolic heart failure. Patients with a LVEF ≥50% and symptoms of heart failure are considered to have heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) or diastolic heart failure; there is little evidence that drug treatment improves clinical outcomes in these patients. The treatment of acute heart failure is not included here.

Med Lett Drugs Ther. 2015 Jan 19;57(1460):9-13 | Show Full Introduction Hide Full Introduction

Riociguat (Adempas) for Pulmonary Hypertension

The Medical Letter on Drugs and Therapeutics • March 3, 2014; (Issue 1437)

The FDA has approved the sGC stimulator riociguat (rye" oh sig' ue at; Adempas – Bayer) for oral treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) and chronic thromboembolic pulmonary...

The FDA has approved the sGC stimulator riociguat (rye" oh sig' ue at; Adempas – Bayer) for oral treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) and chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) following surgery or when surgery is not an option. It is the first drug to be approved for treatment of CTEPH.

Med Lett Drugs Ther. 2014 Mar 3;56(1437):17-9 | Show Full Introduction Hide Full Introduction

Macitentan (Opsumit) for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension

The Medical Letter on Drugs and Therapeutics • February 17, 2014; (Issue 1436)

The FDA has approved macitentan (ma" si ten' tan; Opsumit – Actelion), for oral treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). Macitentan is the second nonselective endothelin receptor antagonist...

The FDA has approved macitentan (ma" si ten' tan; Opsumit – Actelion), for oral treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). Macitentan is the second nonselective endothelin receptor antagonist approved for PAH. It is a derivative of bosentan (Tracleer), which is also manufactured by Actelion, and is scheduled to become available generically in 2015. Riociguat (Adempas), another new drug for this indication, will be reviewed in a future issue. Volibris

Med Lett Drugs Ther. 2014 Feb 17;56(1436):15-6 | Show Full Introduction Hide Full Introduction

Drugs for Chronic Heart Failure

The Medical Letter on Drugs and Therapeutics • September 1, 2012; (Issue 121)

Chronic systolic heart failure is usually associated with a left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) of ≤40%. Many patients with symptoms of heart failure have higher ejection fractions, but there is no evidence that drug treatment of heart failure with preserved systolic function (LVEF >40%) improves clinical outcomes. Some of the drugs commonly used now for treatment of chronic heart failure are listed in the table on page 71.

Treat Guidel Med Lett. 2012 Sep;10(121):69-72 | Show Full Introduction Hide Full Introduction

Drugs for Hypertension

The Medical Letter on Drugs and Therapeutics • January 1, 2012; (Issue 113)

Drugs available in the US for treatment of chronic hypertension, with their dosages and adverse effects, are listed in the tables that begin on page 2. Combination products are listed on page 8. Drugs for treatment of hypertensive emergencies are not discussed here. They were reviewed previously.

Treat Guidel Med Lett. 2012 Jan;10(113):1-10 | Show Full Introduction Hide Full Introduction

Aliskiren/Valsartan (Valturna) for Hypertension

The Medical Letter on Drugs and Therapeutics • November 30, 2009; (Issue 1326)

The FDA has approved the use of aliskiren (Tekturna), a direct renin inhibitor, with valsartan (Diovan), an angiotensin-receptor blocker (ARB), in a fixed-dose combination as Valturna (Novartis) for treatment...

The FDA has approved the use of aliskiren (Tekturna), a direct renin inhibitor, with valsartan (Diovan), an angiotensin-receptor blocker (ARB), in a fixed-dose combination as Valturna (Novartis) for treatment of hypertension in patients already taking both drugs or not adequately controlled on monotherapy, and as initial therapy in those likely to need multiple drugs to control their blood pressure.

Med Lett Drugs Ther. 2009 Nov 30;51(1326):94-5 | Show Full Introduction Hide Full Introduction

Tadalafil (Adcirca) for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension

The Medical Letter on Drugs and Therapeutics • November 2, 2009; (Issue 1324)

The FDA has approved use of tadalafil (Adcirca - Lilly/United Therapeutics) for treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension...

The FDA has approved use of tadalafil (Adcirca - Lilly/United Therapeutics) for treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH).

Med Lett Drugs Ther. 2009 Nov 2;51(1324):87-8 | Show Full Introduction Hide Full Introduction

Drugs for Treatment of Chronic Heart Failure

The Medical Letter on Drugs and Therapeutics • July 1, 2009; (Issue 83)

The range of drugs for treatment of chronic heart failure continues to expand. Some of those commonly used now are listed in the table on page 55. Mechanical therapies for the treatment of heart failure such as cardiac resynchronization, implanted cardiac defibrillators (ICDs), ventricular assist devices and ultrafiltration for the relief of congestion will not be reviewed here.

Treat Guidel Med Lett. 2009 Jul;7(83):53-6 | Show Full Introduction Hide Full Introduction

Drugs for Hypertension

The Medical Letter on Drugs and Therapeutics • January 1, 2009; (Issue 77)

Drugs available in the US for treatment of chronic hypertension, with their dosages, adverse effects and costs, are listed in the tables that begin on page 2. Combination products are listed on page 9. Drugs for treatment of hypertensive emergencies are not discussed here. They were reviewed in Treatment Guidelines (volume 1, page 19, December 2002) and in The Medical Letter (volume 50, page 73, September 22, 2008).

Treat Guidel Med Lett. 2009 Jan;7(77):1-10 | Show Full Introduction Hide Full Introduction

Aliskiren/Hydrochlorothiazide (Tekturna HCT) for Hypertension

The Medical Letter on Drugs and Therapeutics • August 25, 2008; (Issue 1293)

Aliskiren (Tekturna - Novartis), the first direct renin inhibitor for treatment of hypertension, has been approved for use in a fixed-dose combination with the diuretic hydrochlorothiazide (Tekturna HCT -...

Aliskiren (Tekturna - Novartis), the first direct renin inhibitor for treatment of hypertension, has been approved for use in a fixed-dose combination with the diuretic hydrochlorothiazide (Tekturna HCT - Novartis). Many angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) are also available in fixed-dose combinations with hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ).

Med Lett Drugs Ther. 2008 Aug 25;50(1293):65-6 | Show Full Introduction Hide Full Introduction

Ambrisentan (Letairis) for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension

The Medical Letter on Drugs and Therapeutics • October 22, 2007; (Issue 1272)

Ambrisentan (Letairis - Gilead), a selective endothelin type A (ETA) receptor antagonist, has been approved by the FDA for treatment of symptomatic patients (WHO class II or III) with pulmonary arterial...

Ambrisentan (Letairis - Gilead), a selective endothelin type A (ET_A) receptor antagonist, has been approved by the FDA for treatment of symptomatic patients (WHO class II or III) with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH).

Med Lett Drugs Ther. 2007 Oct 22;49(1272):87-8 | Show Full Introduction Hide Full Introduction

Drugs for Treatment of Heart Failure

The Medical Letter on Drugs and Therapeutics • January 1, 2006; (Issue 41)

The choice of drugs for treatment of chronic heart failure continues to evolve. Those most commonly used now are listed in the table on page 3. The use of implanted cardiac defibrillators (ICDs) to reduce the incidence of sudden death in patients with heart failure and the treatment of decompensated heart failure were discussed in previous issues.

Treat Guidel Med Lett. 2006 Jan;4(41):1-4 | Show Full Introduction Hide Full Introduction

Sildenafil (Revatio) for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension

The Medical Letter on Drugs and Therapeutics • August 15, 2005; (Issue 1215)

The Medical Letter reported last year that sildenafil (Viagra - Pfizer) appeared to be effective for idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), but confirmation from a controlled trial was needed. Now...

The Medical Letter reported last year that sildenafil (Viagra - Pfizer) appeared to be effective for idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), but confirmation from a controlled trial was needed. Now the results of such a study are about to be published, and the drug has been approved by the FDA for this indication under the trade name Revatio.

Med Lett Drugs Ther. 2005 Aug 15;47(1215):65-7 | Show Full Introduction Hide Full Introduction

Drugs for Hypertension

The Medical Letter on Drugs and Therapeutics • June 1, 2005; (Issue 34)

Drugs available in the US for treatment of chronic hypertension, with their dosages, adverse effects and costs, are listed in the tables that begin on page 40. Combination products are listed on page 47. Drugs...

Treat Guidel Med Lett. 2005 Jun;3(34):39-48 | Show Full Introduction Hide Full Introduction

Sildenafil for Pulmonary Hypertension

The Medical Letter on Drugs and Therapeutics • March 1, 2004; (Issue 1177)

Several recent case reports suggest that oral sildenafil may be effective for treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). Sildenafil is currently marketed as Viagra for treatment of erectile dysfunction...

Several recent case reports suggest that oral sildenafil may be effective for treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). Sildenafil is currently marketed as Viagra for treatment of erectile dysfunction (Medical Letter 1998; 40:51).

Med Lett Drugs Ther. 2004 Mar 1;46(1177):18-9 | Show Full Introduction Hide Full Introduction

Drugs for Treatment of Heart Failure

The Medical Letter on Drugs and Therapeutics • April 1, 2003; (Issue 8)

The choice of drugs for treatment of chronic heart failure continues to evolve. It has become increasingly recognized that drugs used in heart failure produce beneficial effects through neurohormonal as well as hemodynamic mechanisms. The treatment of decompensated heart failure is not discussed here; drugs used for this indication were reviewed in Cardiovascular Drugs in the ICU, Treatment Guidelines from The Medical Letter 2002; 1:19.

Treat Guidel Med Lett. 2003 Apr;1(8):53-6 | Show Full Introduction Hide Full Introduction

Drugs for Hypertension

The Medical Letter on Drugs and Therapeutics • February 1, 2003; (Issue 6)

Drugs available in the US for treatment of chronic hypertension, with their dosages, adverse effects and costs, are listed in the table that begins on page 35. Combination products are listed on page 39. Drugs for treatment of hypertensive emergencies were discussed in Treatment Guidelines volume 1, issue 4, page 19, December 2002.

Treat Guidel Med Lett. 2003 Feb;1(6):33-40 | Show Full Introduction Hide Full Introduction

Treprostinil (Remodulin) for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension

The Medical Letter on Drugs and Therapeutics • September 16, 2002; (Issue 1139)

Treprostinil sodium (tre prost' in il; Remodulin - United Therapeutics), a prostacyclin analogue, has been approved by the FDA for continuous subcutaneous (SC) treatment of patients with pulmonary arterial...

Treprostinil sodium (tre prost' in il; Remodulin - United Therapeutics), a prostacyclin analogue, has been approved by the FDA for continuous subcutaneous (SC) treatment of patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension who have dyspnea on more than minimal exertion (NYHA Class II-IV).

Med Lett Drugs Ther. 2002 Sep 16;44(1139):80-2 | Show Full Introduction Hide Full Introduction

Bosentan (Tracleer) for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension

The Medical Letter on Drugs and Therapeutics • April 1, 2002; (Issue 1127)

Bosentan (Tracleer - Actelion), a non-peptide endothelin receptor antagonist, has been approved by the FDA for oral treatment of patients who have pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) with symptoms of dyspnea...

Bosentan (Tracleer - Actelion), a non-peptide endothelin receptor antagonist, has been approved by the FDA for oral treatment of patients who have pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) with symptoms of dyspnea at rest or with minimal exertion.

Med Lett Drugs Ther. 2002 Apr 1;44(1127):30-2 | Show Full Introduction Hide Full Introduction

Nesiritide For Decompensated Congestive Heart Failure

The Medical Letter on Drugs and Therapeutics • November 12, 2001; (Issue 1118)

Nesiritide, a recombinant human B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP), has been approved by the FDA of intravenous (IV) treatment of patients with decompensated congestive heart failure who have dyspnea at rest or...

Med Lett Drugs Ther. 2001 Nov 12;43(1118):100-1 | Show Full Introduction Hide Full Introduction

Drugs for Hypertension

The Medical Letter on Drugs and Therapeutics • March 5, 2001; (Issue 1099)

Drugs available in the USA for treatment of chronic hypertension, their dosages and adverse affects are listed in the table and discussed in the...

Drugs available in the USA for treatment of chronic hypertension, their dosages and adverse affects are listed in the table and discussed in the text.

Med Lett Drugs Ther. 2001 Mar 5;43(1099):17-22 | Show Full Introduction Hide Full Introduction

Meloxicam (Mobic) for Osteoarthritis

The Medical Letter on Drugs and Therapeutics • May 29, 2000; (Issue 1079)

Meloxicam, a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) with some cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) selectivity in vitro, has been approved by the FDA for treatment of...

Meloxicam, a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) with some cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) selectivity in vitro, has been approved by the FDA for treatment of osteoarthritis.

Med Lett Drugs Ther. 2000 May 29;42(1079):47-8 | Show Full Introduction Hide Full Introduction

Drugs for Hypertension

The Medical Letter on Drugs and Therapeutics • March 12, 1999; (Issue 1048)

Drugs available in the USA for treatment of chronic hypertension, their dosages and adverse affects are listed in the table and discussed in the...

Drugs available in the USA for treatment of chronic hypertension, their dosages and adverse affects are listed in the table and discussed in the text.

Med Lett Drugs Ther. 1999 Mar 12;41(1048):23-8 | Show Full Introduction Hide Full Introduction

Drugs for Chronic Heart Failure

The Medical Letter on Drugs and Therapeutics • January 29, 1999; (Issue 1045)

...

The choice of drugs for treatment of heart failure depends on both hemodynamic and neurohormonal factors.

Med Lett Drugs Ther. 1999 Jan 29;41(1045):12-4 | Show Full Introduction Hide Full Introduction

Carvedilol for Heart Failure

The Medical Letter on Drugs and Therapeutics • September 26, 1997; (Issue 1010)

Carvedilol (Coreg - SmithKline Beecham and Boehringer-Mannheim), a betaadrenergic and alpha-adrenergic blocker approved by the FDA for treatment of hypertension in 1995, but not marketed at that time, has now...

Carvedilol (Coreg - SmithKline Beecham and Boehringer-Mannheim), a betaadrenergic and alpha-adrenergic blocker approved by the FDA for treatment of hypertension in 1995, but not marketed at that time, has now been approved and marketed for treatment of mild or moderate (NYHA class II or III) heart failure stabilized on other drugs. It is being promoted as an add-on drug that reduces the morbidity and mortality of the disease.

Med Lett Drugs Ther. 1997 Sep 26;39(1010):89-91 | Show Full Introduction Hide Full Introduction

Torsemide (Demadex) - A New Loop Diuretic

The Medical Letter on Drugs and Therapeutics • August 19, 1994; (Issue 929)

Torsemide, a new loop diuretic similar in action to bumetanide (Bumex) and furosemide, was recently approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for treatment of edema due to congestive heart failure, renal...

Torsemide, a new loop diuretic similar in action to bumetanide (Bumex) and furosemide, was recently approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for treatment of edema due to congestive heart failure, renal disease, or hepatic disease and also for treatment of hypertension. It is available for both oral and intravenous use.

Med Lett Drugs Ther. 1994 Aug 19;36(929):73-4 | Show Full Introduction Hide Full Introduction

Drugs for Chronic Heart Failure

The Medical Letter on Drugs and Therapeutics • May 14, 1993; (Issue 896)

Chronic heart failure results from an iterplay between hemodynamic and neurohormonal factors (M Packer, Lancet, 340:88, 92, 1992). For patients with heart failure due to left ventricular dysfunction, drugs that decrease cardicac preload and afterload and those that increase contractility are commonly used together.

Med Lett Drugs Ther. 1993 May 14;35(896):40-2 | Show Full Introduction Hide Full Introduction

High Altitude Sickness

The Medical Letter on Drugs and Therapeutics • September 4, 1992; (Issue 878)

Rapid exposure to altitudes more than 8,000 feet above sea level can cause serious medical problems. Since the last Medical Letter article on this subject (Vol. 30, page 89, 1988), some new information on...

Med Lett Drugs Ther. 1992 Sep 4;34(878):84-6 | Show Full Introduction Hide Full Introduction

Gallium For Hypercalcemia of Malignancy

The Medical Letter on Drugs and Therapeutics • May 3, 1991; (Issue 843)

Gallium nitrate (Ganite - Fujisawa, USA), originally an anticancer drug, was recently marketed for treatment of cancer-associated hypercalcemia that has not responded to hydration. Other drugs used for...

Gallium nitrate (Ganite - Fujisawa, USA), originally an anticancer drug, was recently marketed for treatment of cancer-associated hypercalcemia that has not responded to hydration. Other drugs used for treatment of hypercalcemia include furosemide (Lasix, and others), the bisphosphonate etidronate (Didronel IV), calcitonin (Calcimar), and plicamycin (Mithracin, formerly mithramycin) (RAB Schaiff et al, Clin Pharm, 8:108, 1989). Newer bisphosphonates are available in Europe.

Med Lett Drugs Ther. 1991 May 3;33(843):41-2 | Show Full Introduction Hide Full Introduction

Is Indapamide (Lozol) Safer Than A Thiazide?

The Medical Letter on Drugs and Therapeutics • November 17, 1989; (Issue 805)

Recent advertisements for indapamide (Lozol - Rorer), an oral antihypertensive/diuretic (Medical Letter, 26:17, 1984), claim that the drug, unlike thiazide diuretics, does not significantly increase serum...

Recent advertisements for indapamide (Lozol - Rorer), an oral antihypertensive/diuretic (Medical Letter, 26:17, 1984), claim that the drug, unlike thiazide diuretics, does not significantly increase serum cholesterol and has a minimal impact on potassium. Indapamide has no thiazide ring but, like chlorthalidone (Hygroton; and others) and hydrochlorothiazide (HydroDiuril; and others), it does have a sulfamoyl benzamide moiety, which is probably responsible for its natriuretic and diuretic effects. Unlike the thiazides, it also has a methylindoline moiety, which apparently decreases peripheral resistance.

Med Lett Drugs Ther. 1989 Nov 17;31(805):103 | Show Full Introduction Hide Full Introduction

Diclofenac

The Medical Letter on Drugs and Therapeutics • December 2, 1988; (Issue 780)

Diclofenac sodium (Voltaren - Geigy), a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) available in some countries since 1974, was recently introduced in the USA for treatment of rheumatoid arthritis,...

Diclofenac sodium (Voltaren - Geigy), a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) available in some countries since 1974, was recently introduced in the USA for treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis and ankylosing spondylitis. It is being promoted as 'The number one prescribed antiarthritic in the world.'

Med Lett Drugs Ther. 1988 Dec 2;30(780):109-11 | Show Full Introduction Hide Full Introduction

Vasodilators For Congestive Heart Failure

The Medical Letter on Drugs and Therapeutics • January 29, 1988; (Issue 758)

Vasodilators are widely used for treatment of congestive heart failure (CHF) that has not responded adequately to diuretics and digitalis. Vasodilator drugs redistribute blood volume in patients with heart failure, lowering pressure and reducing volume in the failing left ventricle, which leads to increased cardiac output, decreased pulmonary capillary wedge pressure, and improved exercise tolerance. Since the last Medical Letter review of this subject (Volume 26, page 115, 1984), some additional data have become available.

Med Lett Drugs Ther. 1988 Jan 29;30(758):13-4 | Show Full Introduction Hide Full Introduction